Alzheimer's vs Dementia

Home care services—not to be confused with home health care services—send a home care aide to your home to help you care for a person with Alzheimer's. These aides provide personal care and/or company for the person. They do not provide skilled medical care. Aides are usually not medical professionals. They assist with daily activities such as bathing and dressing and may even help with light housekeeping, transportation, and errands. Home care aides may come for a few hours or stay for 24 hours.

What to know about costs:

• Home care services generally charge by the hour. Some services charge a flat rate for staying overnight.
• Medicare and private health insurance may cover some home care costs, though nonmedical care is generally not covered. Check with your health plan.
• Long-term care insurance may cover personal care and homemaker services.

How to find them:

• Ask your doctor or other healthcare professional, family, and friends to recommend home care services in your area.
• Use an online tool such as the Home Care/Hospice Agency Locator tool from the National Association for Home Care and Hospice.

Home health care services

Home health care aides are skilled, licensed medical professionals who come to your home and help you recover from a hospital stay, illness, or injury. Aides provide skilled nursing care, physical, occupational, or speech therapy, and other medical services coordinated by your doctor. You need a doctor’s order for home health care services.

What to know about costs:

• Medicare or private health insurance may cover skilled medical care services in your home. Check with your insurer before signing an agreement.
• You must pay all costs not covered by Medicare, Medicaid, or insurance.

How to find them:

• Your doctor, health care professional, or hospital discharge social worker can give you a list of agencies that serve your area.
• Use the Home Health Compare tool from Medicare.gov.
• Contact the Eldercare Locator or call 1-800-677-1116.

Meal services bring hot meals to the person's home or your home. The delivery staff do not feed the person.

What to know about costs:

• The person with Alzheimer's must qualify for the service based on local guidelines.
• Some groups do not charge for their services. Others may charge a small fee.

How to find them:

• The Eldercare Locator can help at 1-800-677-1116. Or, contact Meals on Wheels America at 1-888-998-6325.

Adult day care services provide a safe environment, activities, and staff who pay attention to the needs of the person with Alzheimer's in an adult day care facility. They also provide transportation. The facility may pick up the person with Alzheimer's, take him or her to day care, and then return the person home. Adult day care services provide a much-needed break for you.

What to know about costs:

• Adult day care services charge by the hour.
• Most insurance plans don't cover these costs. You must pay all costs not covered by insurance.

How to find them:

• Call the National Adult Day Services Association at 1-877-745-1440. You can contact the Eldercare Locator at 1-800-677-1116.

Respite services provide short-term care for the person with Alzheimer's at home, in a healthcare facility, or at an adult day center. The care may last for as short as a few hours or as long as several weeks. These services allow you to get a break to rest or go on a vacation.

What to know about costs:

• Respite services charge by the hour or by the number of days or weeks that services are provided.
• Most insurance plans do not cover these costs. You must pay all costs not covered by insurance or other funding sources.
• Medicare will cover most of the cost of up to 5 days in a row of respite care in a hospital or skilled nursing facility for a person receiving hospice care.
• Medicaid also may offer assistance. For more information on Medicare and Medicaid, see Paying for Care.
• There may be other sources of funding in your State. Visit the ARCH National Respite Locator for more information.

How to find them:

• Visit the ARCH National Respite Locator.

Geriatric care managers make a home visit and suggest needed services. They also can help you get needed services.

What to know about costs:

• Geriatric care managers charge by the hour.
• Most insurance plans don't cover these costs.
• Medicare does not pay for this service.
• You will probably have to pay for this service.

How to find them:

• Call the Aging Life Care Association at 1-520-881-8008.

Mental health or social work professionals help you understand your feelings, such as anger, sadness, or feeling out of control and overwhelmed, and help you deal with any stress you may be feeling. They also help develop plans for unexpected or sudden events.

What to know about costs:

• Professional mental health counselors charge by the hour. There may be big differences in the rates you would be charged from one counselor to another.
• Some insurance companies will cover some of these costs.
• Medicare or Medicaid may cover some of these costs.
• You must pay all costs not covered by Medicare, Medicaid, or insurance.

How to find them:

• It's a good idea to ask your health insurance staff which counselors and services, if any, your insurance plan covers. Then check with your doctor, local family service agencies, and community mental health agencies for referrals to counselors.

Hospice services provide care for a person who is near the end of life and is no longer receiving treatment to cure his or her serious illness. Hospice services keep the person who is dying as comfortable and pain-free as possible in the person’s home or a hospice facility. They also support the family by providing end-of-life care. You can stop hospice services at any time if you wish to receive curative treatments again.

What to know about costs:

• Medicare, Medicaid, Veterans Health Administration, or private insurance plans may cover all hospice costs.
• If you receive hospice services in an assisted living facility or nursing home, you may need to pay room and board. You must pay all costs not covered by Medicare, Medicaid, or other insurance.
• Some nonprofit organizations and hospice providers help cover hospice costs on a sliding scale for low-income patients.
• Once you’ve chosen to receive hospice services, any medicines or treatments intended to cure your terminal illness will not be covered.

How to find them:

• Hospice Foundation of America at 1-800-854-3402
• National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization at 1-800-658-8898
• Medicare at 1-800-633-4227
• Medicaid at 1-877-267-2323 (TTY: 1-866-226-1819)
• American Hospice Foundation